![]() We can build our app and connects our code to the Heroku and the rest of the work will be done by Heroku only. We don’t need to take stress of production server and its operations. Well Platform as a Service means that Heroku gives a platform where we can deploy, manage and scale our application in the form of cloud service. MongoDB, Express, React and Node is the most popular stack for developing web applications and Heroku is the cloud PaaS (Platform as a Service). Logs Treat logs as event streams XII.What is the use of your app if other people can’t use it? Deployment makes our application live for the use of world. Dev/prod parity Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible XI. Disposability Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown X. Concurrency Scale out via the process model IX. Port binding Export services via port binding VIII. Processes Execute the app as one or more stateless processes VII. Build, release, run Strictly separate build and run stages VI. Backing services Treat backing services as attached resources V. Config Store config in the environment IV. ![]() Dependencies Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies III. Codebase One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys II. Ops engineers who deploy or manage such applications. Who should read this document?Īny developer building applications which run as a service. The format is inspired by Martin Fowler’s books Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture and Refactoring. Our motivation is to raise awareness of some systemic problems we’ve seen in modern application development, to provide a shared vocabulary for discussing those problems, and to offer a set of broad conceptual solutions to those problems with accompanying terminology. It is a triangulation on ideal practices for app development, paying particular attention to the dynamics of the organic growth of an app over time, the dynamics of collaboration between developers working on the app’s codebase, and avoiding the cost of software erosion. This document synthesizes all of our experience and observations on a wide variety of software-as-a-service apps in the wild. The contributors to this document have been directly involved in the development and deployment of hundreds of apps, and indirectly witnessed the development, operation, and scaling of hundreds of thousands of apps via our work on the Heroku platform. The twelve-factor methodology can be applied to apps written in any programming language, and which use any combination of backing services (database, queue, memory cache, etc).
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